references/summary-templates.md
4.1 KB查看排版效果| 1 | # Summary Templates Reference |
| 2 | |
| 3 | ## Academic Paper (IMRAD) |
| 4 | |
| 5 | Use for peer-reviewed journal articles, conference papers, and research studies. |
| 6 | |
| 7 | ### Structure |
| 8 | 1. **Introduction** — What problem does the paper address? Why does it matter? |
| 9 | 2. **Methods** — How was the study conducted? What data, what approach? |
| 10 | 3. **Results** — What did they find? Key numbers, key patterns. |
| 11 | 4. **Analysis** — What do the results mean? How do they compare to prior work? |
| 12 | 5. **Discussion** — What are the implications? Limitations? Future work? |
| 13 | |
| 14 | ### Quality Signals |
| 15 | - Published in a peer-reviewed venue |
| 16 | - Clear methodology section with reproducible steps |
| 17 | - Statistical significance reported (p-values, confidence intervals) |
| 18 | - Limitations acknowledged openly |
| 19 | - Conflicts of interest disclosed |
| 20 | |
| 21 | ### Red Flags |
| 22 | - No methodology section |
| 23 | - Claims without supporting data |
| 24 | - Funded by an entity that benefits from specific results |
| 25 | - Published in a predatory journal (check Beall's List) |
| 26 | |
| 27 | --- |
| 28 | |
| 29 | ## Web Article (Claim-Evidence-Implication) |
| 30 | |
| 31 | Use for blog posts, news articles, opinion pieces, and online publications. |
| 32 | |
| 33 | ### Structure |
| 34 | 1. **Claim** — What is the author arguing or reporting? |
| 35 | 2. **Evidence** — What data, examples, or sources support the claim? |
| 36 | 3. **Implication** — So what? What should the reader do or think differently? |
| 37 | |
| 38 | ### Quality Signals |
| 39 | - Author has relevant expertise or credentials |
| 40 | - Sources are linked and verifiable |
| 41 | - Multiple perspectives acknowledged |
| 42 | - Published on a reputable platform |
| 43 | - Date of publication is clear |
| 44 | |
| 45 | ### Red Flags |
| 46 | - No author attribution |
| 47 | - No sources or citations |
| 48 | - Sensationalist headline vs. measured content |
| 49 | - Affiliate links or sponsored content without disclosure |
| 50 | |
| 51 | --- |
| 52 | |
| 53 | ## Technical Report (Executive Summary) |
| 54 | |
| 55 | Use for industry reports, whitepapers, market research, and internal documents. |
| 56 | |
| 57 | ### Structure |
| 58 | 1. **Executive Summary** — Bottom line in 2-3 sentences |
| 59 | 2. **Scope** — What does this report cover? |
| 60 | 3. **Key Data** — Most important numbers and findings |
| 61 | 4. **Methodology** — How was the data gathered? |
| 62 | 5. **Recommendations** — What should be done based on findings? |
| 63 | 6. **Relevance** — Why does this matter for our specific context? |
| 64 | |
| 65 | ### Quality Signals |
| 66 | - Clear methodology for data collection |
| 67 | - Sample size and composition disclosed |
| 68 | - Published by a recognized research firm or organization |
| 69 | - Methodology section available (even if separate document) |
| 70 | |
| 71 | ### Red Flags |
| 72 | - "Report" is actually a marketing piece for a product |
| 73 | - Data from a single, small, unrepresentative sample |
| 74 | - No methodology disclosure |
| 75 | - Conclusions far exceed what the data supports |
| 76 | |
| 77 | --- |
| 78 | |
| 79 | ## Comparative Analysis (Matrix + Synthesis) |
| 80 | |
| 81 | Use when evaluating 2-5 sources on the same topic. |
| 82 | |
| 83 | ### Comparison Dimensions |
| 84 | - **Central thesis** — What is each source's main argument? |
| 85 | - **Methodology** — How did each source arrive at its conclusions? |
| 86 | - **Key finding** — What is the headline result? |
| 87 | - **Sample/scope** — How broad or narrow is the evidence? |
| 88 | - **Credibility** — How trustworthy is the source? |
| 89 | - **Recency** — When was it published? |
| 90 | |
| 91 | ### Synthesis Framework |
| 92 | 1. **Convergent findings** — Where sources agree (stronger signal) |
| 93 | 2. **Divergent findings** — Where sources disagree (investigate further) |
| 94 | 3. **Gaps** — What no source addresses |
| 95 | 4. **Weight of evidence** — Which position has stronger support? |
| 96 | |
| 97 | --- |
| 98 | |
| 99 | ## Literature Review (Thematic) |
| 100 | |
| 101 | Use when synthesizing 5+ sources into a research overview. |
| 102 | |
| 103 | ### Organization Approaches |
| 104 | - **Thematic** — Group by topic (preferred for most use cases) |
| 105 | - **Chronological** — Group by time period (good for showing evolution) |
| 106 | - **Methodological** — Group by research approach (good for methods papers) |
| 107 | |
| 108 | ### Per-Theme Structure |
| 109 | 1. Theme name and scope |
| 110 | 2. Key sources that address this theme |
| 111 | 3. What the sources say (points of agreement) |
| 112 | 4. What the sources disagree on |
| 113 | 5. Strength of evidence for each position |
| 114 | |
| 115 | ### Synthesis Checklist |
| 116 | - [ ] All sources categorized into themes |
| 117 | - [ ] Gaps in literature identified |
| 118 | - [ ] Contradictions highlighted (not hidden) |
| 119 | - [ ] Overall state of knowledge summarized |
| 120 | - [ ] Future research directions suggested |
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